“For India, to maintain pace, the expansion rate must be much faster and there are both appetite and abilities to be able to,” said Sinha, CEO (CEO) and CEO of Tata Power, at the MINT 3 September sustainability summit.
With the annual addition of capacity of 29.52 GW, the total installed capacity of the renewable energy (RE) in the country since March 2025 220,10GW, which is up to 198.75GW in the previous fiscal yield. India has set 500 GW capacity based on fossil fuels within 2030 as part of its commitments within the goals of “Panchamrit”.
Indian objectives of panchamrite include five climate commitments, including reducing carbon emissions, economic carbon intensity and increasing renewable energy to achieve pure zero by 2070.
However, the technology itself will not manage the shift.
The leaders in the field marked obstacles around the soil, transmission, financing and regulations that stop the acceptance of pure energy. “There is a restriction in geography where you can get the land. The government has to work on it. Second, for thermal or nuclear energy you need four times higher capacity of transmission lines. Gaining approval is a problem.
Soil requirements differ significantly according to technology, while thermal energy requires 3-5 acres per megawatt capacity, while the wind requires significant gaps for turbines. The use of solar soil usually ranges from 2 to 10 hectares per MW and nuclear energy requires 1.3 square kilometers per 1,000 MW installed capacity.
He added that the problem of one who buys strength remains unresolved. “Do you have public services that have already committed to long -term energy purchase agreements. The question is how they get out of it and start moving for these cheap options?” Sinha said. “The ability of these tools to pay, who already have huge obligations on their books and great imminent losses, represents another obstacle.”
Delays or defaults in salaries by distribution companies (DISCOMS) remain a risk to investors as they may disrupt the cash flows and delay in project implementation. State discounts have accumulated losses £76.5 trillion from FY23, according to Reserve Bank of India in December.
For nuclear energy, challenges stretch over land and financing. “The challenges remain the same as the others, with harder regulations for nuclear energy. In addition to getting land is another obstacle to the water source,” said BVS Sekhar, executive director of Nuclear Power Corp. In India.
Public perception is also a major challenge for nuclear energy in India, but Sekhar said that the government is working to improve conditions. “What we face against it is growing. Many states come to help us find pages that previously against nuclear. And then there is a supplier chain, very fewer manufacturers who produce nuclear equipment and components,” he added.
India currently operates 25 nuclear reactors in seven locations with a total installed capacity of 8,880 MW, which, according to the Ministry of power, contributes to about 3% of electricity production in the country.
Eight reactors with a capacity of 6,600 MW are under construction and ten other reactors with a capacity of 7,000 MW are in the stages before the project. The government has set the goal to achieve 100GW of nuclear energy by 2047.
The most demanding problem is the cost of cleaner compensation that slows down adoption.
On the green hydrogen of Derek M. Shah, CEO and CEO of L&T Energy Greentech, he said: “The elephant in the room is why we use more expensive replacement?
Gray hydrogen, made from fossil fuels, is currently worth about $ 1.80-2.50 per kg, which, according to Bain And Co. In June 2025, it is worth worth around $ 3.80-5.00 per kg in India.
Despite narrow places, the managers of the industry agreed that the energy transition is inevitable and must be monitored on multiple queues. “Coal has been a work horse over the past five decades, but in the next 10 to 20 years, not if immediately, there is an opportunity to switch over the next 10 to 20 years,” Sinha said.
Gautam Reddy, CEO, AM Green, said: “The technical readiness, the evaluation of policy and demand, renewable sources proceeded much more. The hydrogen begins to take off, the nuclear is still a bit behind. So put your money in all three and do well.”
The share of total energy production in India, India, in 2023-24, increased to 79% to 16,906 Petajoules (PJ), which, according to the Ministry of Statistics and Implementation Program in India 2070, is two percentage points more than the previous year.
Regarding investments in this industry, experts believe that investors should make balanced bets on all developed and emerging energy sources. “Challenge 2070 pure zeros is so huge that we don’t have” or “or”.
(Tagstotranslate) Energy transition
