The West Bengal government on Friday confirmed cases of Nipah virus infection in the state, officials said. Two people in West Bengal, both nurses, have tested positive for Nipah. A national joint outbreak response team was deployed soon after to limit further spread of the virus.
Nipah virus infection in Bengal
While the state government has issued guidelines for the treatment of Nipah virus infection, Livemint spoke to experts about the dos and don’ts to prevent the disease.
Dr Rupali Mehrotra, Principal Consultant, Internal Medicine, Regency Health, Kanpur, shared how recognizing early warning signs and acting quickly can save lives.
What is Nipah virus?
Nipah virus is a serious zoonotic infection. According to the World Health Organization, Nipah virus can cause several clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic infection (subclinical) to acute respiratory infection. The infection comes with a mortality rate estimated at 40% to 75% and requires serious intervention. The virus can be transmitted to humans from animals (such as bats or pigs) or from contaminated food. It can also be transmitted directly from an infected person to a healthy person.
Catfish from the Pteropodidae family are considered the natural host of the Nipah virus according to the WHO.
Early symptoms of Nipah virus
Early symptoms of Nipah virus can often resemble a viral illness. Dr. Mehrotra said if you have a sudden fever that doesn’t go away, persistent headache or muscle pain, sore throat, cough or difficulty breathing, vomiting, weakness, or unusual tiredness, you should seek medical attention.
“If these symptoms worsen or are followed by confusion, disorientation, seizures or breathing difficulties, urgent hospital care is necessary. Early diagnosis allows doctors to start intensive supportive treatment, which can significantly improve outcomes,” the doctor said.
While early detection of the virus is key to proper treatment, one must also know how to respond to reduce the risk to both patients and caregivers.
What to do for Nipah virus infection
Dr Mehrotra emphasized what everyone needs to keep in mind: “If symptoms appear, seek medical attention immediately, especially after possible exposure.”
“Inform the doctor of any contact with sick individuals or animals.”
“Practice hygiene, including frequent hand washing.”
And finally, “Follow isolation and safety guidelines issued by health authorities.”
What not to do to prevent the spread of the virus
At the same time, one should not ignore or self-medicate persistent symptoms. It is recommended to avoid close unprotected contact with sick individuals. “Don’t handle animals that look sick,” the doctor added.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional or medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor regarding a medical condition.
